This course provides students with a comprehensive introduction to the core principles of molecular biology, focusing on the flow of genetic information, the structure and function of DNA and RNA, and the essential processes of replication, transcription, and translation. It explores fundamental concepts such as the architecture of DNA, gene organization, the roles of mRNA and tRNA, protein synthesis, and the intricacies of the genetic code. Additionally, students will explore key regulatory mechanisms, including operons, regulatory circuits, and post-transcriptional regulation mediated by small RNAs. This course provides students with a comprehensive introduction to the core principles of molecular biology, focusing on the flow of genetic information, the structure and function of DNA and RNA, and the essential processes of replication, transcription, and translation. It explores fundamental concepts such as the architecture of DNA, gene organization, the roles of mRNA and tRNA, protein synthesis, and the intricacies of the genetic code. Additionally, the course focuses on key regulatory mechanisms, including operons, regulatory circuits, and post-transcriptional regulation mediated by small RNAs. Students will gain a solid understanding of advanced methods and techniques for DNA and RNA analysis, encompassing gene replication, transcription, and cloning. The course also covers critical topics such as chromosome organization, nucleosome structure, the function of promoters and enhancers, and the complex processes of RNA processing and splicing. Students will develop the skills to analyze and apply molecular techniques for the identification and characterization of biomolecules, as well as to collaborate effectively in designing and presenting scientific research projects.